302 lines
7.7 KiB
Markdown
302 lines
7.7 KiB
Markdown
# VRRP 功能测试指南
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## 测试环境准备
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### 1. 单机测试（使用虚拟网卡）
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```bash
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# macOS 创建虚拟网卡（lo0 回环接口别名）
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sudo ifconfig lo0 alias 192.168.100.1/24
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# Linux 创建虚拟网卡（使用 dummy 模块）
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sudo modprobe dummy
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sudo ip link add dummy0 type dummy
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sudo ip addr add 192.168.100.1/24 dev dummy0
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sudo ip link set dummy0 up
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```
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### 2. 双机测试（推荐，真实场景）
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需要两台机器（虚拟机或物理机），在同一网段：
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- Node1: 192.168.1.10/24
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- Node2: 192.168.1.20/24
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- VIP: 192.168.1.100/24
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## 测试配置文件
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### Node1 配置 (config-node1.yaml)
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```yaml
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global:
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router_id: "node1"
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notification_email: "admin@example.com"
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vrrp_instances:
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- name: "VI_1"
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interface: "eth0" # 修改为实际网卡名
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state: "BACKUP"
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virtual_router_id: 51
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priority: 100 # 较高优先级
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advert_interval: 1
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auth_type: "PASS"
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auth_pass: "secret123"
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virtual_ips:
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- "192.168.1.100/24" # 修改为实际网段
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```
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### Node2 配置 (config-node2.yaml)
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```yaml
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global:
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router_id: "node2"
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notification_email: "admin@example.com"
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vrrp_instances:
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- name: "VI_1"
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interface: "eth0" # 修改为实际网卡名
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state: "BACKUP"
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virtual_router_id: 51
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priority: 90 # 较低优先级
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advert_interval: 1
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auth_type: "PASS"
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auth_pass: "secret123"
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virtual_ips:
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- "192.168.1.100/24" # 修改为实际网段
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```
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## 测试步骤
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### 测试 1: 启动和日志检查
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**Node1:**
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```bash
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sudo ./go-alived --config config-node1.yaml --debug
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```
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**预期输出:**
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```
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[2025-12-05 14:25:51] INFO: starting go-alived...
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[2025-12-05 14:25:51] INFO: loading configuration from: config-node1.yaml
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[2025-12-05 14:25:51] INFO: configuration loaded successfully
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[2025-12-05 14:25:51] INFO: loaded VRRP instance: VI_1
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[2025-12-05 14:25:51] INFO: starting VRRP instance (VRID=51, Priority=100, Interface=eth0)
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[2025-12-05 14:25:51] INFO: [VI_1] state changed: INIT -> BACKUP
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[2025-12-05 14:25:51] INFO: [VI_1] transitioning to BACKUP state
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```
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**Node2:**
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```bash
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sudo ./go-alived --config config-node2.yaml --debug
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```
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### 测试 2: Master 选举
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启动两个节点后，优先级高的 Node1 应该成为 MASTER。
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**Node1 预期输出:**
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```
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[2025-12-05 14:25:54] INFO: [VI_1] master down timer expired, becoming master
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[2025-12-05 14:25:54] INFO: [VI_1] state changed: BACKUP -> MASTER
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[2025-12-05 14:25:54] INFO: [VI_1] transitioning to MASTER state
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[2025-12-05 14:25:54] INFO: [VI_1] adding virtual IPs
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[2025-12-05 14:25:54] INFO: [VI_1] added VIP 192.168.1.100/32
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[2025-12-05 14:25:54] DEBUG: [VI_1] sent advertisement (priority=100)
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```
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**验证 VIP:**
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```bash
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# Node1 上执行
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ip addr show eth0 | grep 192.168.1.100
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# 应该能看到 VIP 已添加
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```
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**Node2 保持 BACKUP:**
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```
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[2025-12-05 14:25:54] DEBUG: [VI_1] received advertisement from 192.168.1.10 (priority=100, state=BACKUP)
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# Node2 应该保持 BACKUP 状态
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```
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### 测试 3: 故障切换
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在 Node1 上停止 go-alived：
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```bash
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# Node1 上按 Ctrl+C 或发送 SIGTERM
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sudo pkill -SIGTERM go-alived
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```
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**Node1 预期输出:**
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```
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[2025-12-05 14:26:10] INFO: received signal terminated, shutting down...
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[2025-12-05 14:26:10] INFO: cleaning up resources...
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[2025-12-05 14:26:10] INFO: [VI_1] stopping VRRP instance
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[2025-12-05 14:26:10] INFO: [VI_1] removing virtual IPs
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[2025-12-05 14:26:10] INFO: [VI_1] removed VIP 192.168.1.100/32
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```
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**Node2 应该接管 (3秒内):**
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```
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[2025-12-05 14:26:13] INFO: [VI_1] master down timer expired, becoming master
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[2025-12-05 14:26:13] INFO: [VI_1] state changed: BACKUP -> MASTER
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[2025-12-05 14:26:13] INFO: [VI_1] transitioning to MASTER state
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[2025-12-05 14:26:13] INFO: [VI_1] adding virtual IPs
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[2025-12-05 14:26:13] INFO: [VI_1] added VIP 192.168.1.100/32
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```
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**验证 VIP 迁移:**
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```bash
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# Node2 上执行
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ip addr show eth0 | grep 192.168.1.100
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# 应该能看到 VIP 已添加
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# 从第三台机器 ping VIP，应该不中断
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ping 192.168.1.100
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```
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### 测试 4: 抢占测试
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重新启动 Node1（优先级更高）：
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```bash
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# Node1 上执行
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sudo ./go-alived --config config-node1.yaml --debug
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```
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**Node1 预期行为:**
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```
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[2025-12-05 14:27:00] INFO: [VI_1] state changed: INIT -> BACKUP
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[2025-12-05 14:27:03] INFO: [VI_1] master down timer expired, becoming master
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[2025-12-05 14:27:03] INFO: [VI_1] state changed: BACKUP -> MASTER
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```
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**Node2 预期行为 (检测到更高优先级后退位):**
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```
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[2025-12-05 14:27:03] WARN: [VI_1] received higher priority advertisement, stepping down
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[2025-12-05 14:27:03] INFO: [VI_1] state changed: MASTER -> BACKUP
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[2025-12-05 14:27:03] INFO: [VI_1] transitioning to BACKUP state
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[2025-12-05 14:27:03] INFO: [VI_1] removing virtual IPs
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[2025-12-05 14:27:03] INFO: [VI_1] removed VIP 192.168.1.100/32
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```
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### 测试 5: 配置热加载
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修改 Node1 配置文件，改变优先级：
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```yaml
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priority: 80 # 从 100 改为 80
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```
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发送 SIGHUP 信号：
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```bash
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sudo pkill -SIGHUP go-alived
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```
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**预期输出:**
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```
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[2025-12-05 14:28:00] INFO: received SIGHUP, reloading configuration...
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[2025-12-05 14:28:00] INFO: reloading VRRP configuration...
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[2025-12-05 14:28:00] INFO: stopping all VRRP instances
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[2025-12-05 14:28:00] INFO: loaded VRRP instance: VI_1
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[2025-12-05 14:28:00] INFO: starting VRRP instance (VRID=51, Priority=80, Interface=eth0)
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[2025-12-05 14:28:00] INFO: VRRP configuration reloaded successfully
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```
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## 网络抓包验证
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使用 tcpdump 抓取 VRRP 报文：
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```bash
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# 抓取 VRRP 协议报文 (协议号 112)
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sudo tcpdump -i eth0 -n proto 112
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# 或者抓取组播地址
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sudo tcpdump -i eth0 -n dst 224.0.0.18
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```
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**预期输出:**
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```
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14:25:55.123456 IP 192.168.1.10 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 51, prio 100, authtype simple, intvl 1s
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14:25:56.123456 IP 192.168.1.10 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 51, prio 100, authtype simple, intvl 1s
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```
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## 常见问题排查
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### 1. 权限错误
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```
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failed to create raw socket: operation not permitted
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```
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**解决:** 使用 `sudo` 运行
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### 2. 接口不存在
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```
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failed to get interface eth0: no such network interface
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```
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**解决:** 检查并修改配置文件中的 `interface` 字段为实际网卡名
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```bash
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ip link show # 查看所有网卡
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```
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### 3. VIP 添加失败
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```
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failed to add VIP: file exists
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```
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**解决:** VIP 可能已存在，先删除：
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```bash
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sudo ip addr del 192.168.1.100/24 dev eth0
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```
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### 4. 无法接收 VRRP 报文
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**检查防火墙:**
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```bash
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# Linux
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sudo iptables -A INPUT -p 112 -j ACCEPT
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# macOS
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# 系统偏好设置 -> 安全性与隐私 -> 防火墙 -> 防火墙选项 -> 允许 go-alived
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```
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### 5. macOS 特定问题
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macOS 不支持 `SO_BINDTODEVICE`，代码已自动兼容，但可能需要禁用防火墙：
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```bash
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sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setglobalstate off
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```
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## 快速验证脚本
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```bash
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#!/bin/bash
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# test-vrrp.sh
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echo "=== VRRP 功能测试 ==="
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# 1. 检查 VIP 是否添加
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echo "1. 检查 VIP..."
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ip addr show | grep "192.168.1.100" && echo "✓ VIP 已添加" || echo "✗ VIP 未添加"
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# 2. 检查进程
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echo "2. 检查进程..."
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pgrep -f go-alived && echo "✓ 进程运行中" || echo "✗ 进程未运行"
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# 3. 抓包 5 秒
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echo "3. 抓取 VRRP 报文 (5秒)..."
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timeout 5 sudo tcpdump -i eth0 -n proto 112 -c 5
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# 4. Ping VIP
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echo "4. Ping VIP..."
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ping -c 3 192.168.1.100 && echo "✓ VIP 可达" || echo "✗ VIP 不可达"
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echo "=== 测试完成 ==="
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```
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## 预期测试结果
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✅ **通过标准:**
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1. 双节点启动后，高优先级节点成为 MASTER
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2. MASTER 节点成功添加 VIP
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3. 停止 MASTER 后，BACKUP 在 3 秒内接管
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4. VIP 无缝迁移，ping 不中断
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5. 高优先级节点重启后成功抢占 MASTER
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6. 配置热加载正常工作
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7. tcpdump 能抓到周期性的 VRRP Advertisement 报文
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